Editorial Board

Senior Editor
Hayley Henderson, PhD, Springer Nature, UK

Assistant Editors
Atharva Gajalkar, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Aishwarya Rao, MSc, BSc,​​​​​​​ Springer Nature, India
Siddharth Sharma, MSc, BSc​​​​​​​,​​​​​​​ Springer Nature, India

Manuscript Editors
Harshal Dhondge, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Akshay Ravindra Joshi, PhD, MPhil, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Rajasree K P, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Noohi Nasim, PhD, Springer Nature, India
Vaishnavi Nimbalkar, MSc, Springer Nature, India
Varsha Shetty, PhD, Springer Nature, India
Neha Tiwari, PhD, M.Tech, B.Tech, Springer Nature, India

Senior Editorial Board Members
Wolfgang Baeumer, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
Jose Ceron, University of Murcia, Spain
Peter Leegwater, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Louis Penning, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Lysa Posner, NC State Veterinary Hospital, USA
Rick Sanchez, Specialistische Dierenkliniek Utrecht, Netherlands
Indranil Samanta, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences,India
Michael Tildesley, University of Warwick, USA
Holger Volk, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany

Editorial Board Members
Hanan Abd-Elhafeez, Assiut University, Egypt
Yasmina Abd-Elhakim, Zagazig University, Egypt
Elsayed Abdel-whab, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail, Zagazig University, Egypt
Elshymaa Abdelnaby, Cairo University, Egypt
Mohamed Abdelsalam, Ph.D., Cairo University, Egypt
Amal Aboelmaaty, PhD, National Research Centre, Egypt
Joana Abrantes, University of Porto, Portugal
Ashraf Abu-Seida, Cairo University, Egypt
Zbigniew Adamiak, Vet Clinic Bialystok, Poland
Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institution, India
Y Ajith, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India
Benedetta Amato, University of Surrey, United Kingdom
Aruna Ambagala, National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease -Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Canada
Alongkorn Amonsin, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Amilcar Arenal, University of Camaguey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cuba
Thiruvenkadan Aranganoor Kannan, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India
Marwa Attia, Ph.D., Cairo University, Egypt
Mian Muhammad Awais, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
Tugay Ayasan, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Kadirli Academy of Applied Sciences, Osmaniye, Turkey
Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Mahdi Askari Badouei, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
Agata Bancerz-Kisiel, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Tommaso Banzato, University of Padua, Italy
Anna Bassols, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
Joy Becker, University of Sydney, Australia
Albano Beja-Pereira, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
Luca Bellini, University of Padova, Italy
Andrea Bertuglia, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Italy
Javier Bezos, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
Irfan Ahmad Bhat, University of Iceland, Iceland
Raja Aadil Hussain Bhat, ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, India
Mallikarjun Bidarimath, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, USA
Sebastiaan Bol, Cowboy Cat Ranch, USA
Pompei Bolfa, Ross University, St Kitts
Francesca Bonelli, University of Pisa, Italy
Luca Borrelli, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Filip Boyen, Ghent University, Belgium
Bart Broeckx, Ghent University, Belgium
Rikke Buhl, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Brandy Burgess, University of Georgia, USA
Ioana Buzura-Matei, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Romania
Simeon Cadmus, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Martin Cake, Murdoch University, Australia
Maria Grazia Cappai, University of Sassari, Italy
Jorge U. Carmona, Universidad de Caldas, Colombia
Eduardo Casas, National Animal Disease Center, USA
Fabrizio Ceciliani, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
Burhan Çetinkaya, Faculty ıf Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
Christopher Chase, South Dakota State University, USA
Alexandre Viera Chaves, The Ohio State University, USA
Ye Chen, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China
Alfred Chikweto, St. Georgege's University, Grenada
Bhudipa Choudhury, Animal and Plant Health Agency, UK
Soumen Choudhury, DUVASU, India
Paolo Emidio Crisi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Italy
Anna Cywinska, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Poland
Fabrrizio De Massis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Italy
Luisa De Risio, Animal Health Trust, UK
Felipe de Vicente, University of Liverpool, UK
Sankarganesh Devaraj, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, India
Mathias Devreese, Ghent University, Belgium
Sohini Dey, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India
Alessandro Di Cerbo, University of Camerino, Italy
Nicola Di Girolamo, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Italy
Barbara Di Martino, University of the Studies of Teramo, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Italy
Simona Di Pietro, Dept. of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
Kiril M. Dimitrov, Texas A&M University, USA
Ludovico Dipineto, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
Ivona Djurkin Kušec, Ph.D., Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
Elaine Dorneles, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil
Arkadiusz Dors, National Veterinary Research Institute, Poland
Cord Drögemüller, University of Bern, Switzerland
Junzheng Du, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Maria Gabriela Echeverria, University of La Plata, Argentina
Sabry El-Bahr, Alexandria University, Egypt
Hossam El-Sherbiny, Cairo University, Egypt
Fouad Elmayet, Oklahoma State University, USA
Ibrahim Elsohaby, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
Hidayet Metin Erdogan, Aksaray University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Turkey
Pedro Esteves, CIBIO/InBIO-UP, Portugal
Helen Everett, Animal and Plant Health Agency, UK
Mario Forzan, University of Pisa, Italy
Livio Galosi, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
Juan Garrido, University of Córdoba, Spain
Malgorzata Gierynska, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SSGW, Poland
Chiara Giudice, Universita degli Studi di Milano - DIMEVET, Italy
Antonio Giuliano, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
Jacques Godfroid, University of Tromso, Norway
Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk, Ph.D., Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Dominique J Griffon, Western University of Health Sciences, USA
Rodrigo Guabiraba, Centre INRA Val de Loire, France
Enrico Gugliandolo, University of Messina, Italy
Orçun Haçarız, McGill University, Canada
Jaroslava Halper, University of Georgia, USA
Camila Hamond, NVSL, USDA, USA
Alison J Hanlon, University College Dublin, Ireland
Sonja Hartnack, Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Nesrein Hashem, Ph.D., Alexandria University, Egypt
Selwyn Headley, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brazil
Farhid Hemmatzadeh, The University of Adelaide, Australia
Derald Holtkamp, Iowa State University, USA
Tarique Hussain, NIAB affiliated with PIEAS, Pakistan
Hussein Awad Hussein, Assiut University, Egypt
Claudia Interlandi, University of Messina Departement of Veterinary Sciences, Italy
Paulina Jawor, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Faez Firdaus Jesse, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Jarosław Kaba, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
Sunil Kadri, Aquaculture Innovation, UK
Halit Kanca, University Of Ankara, Turkey
Ramanathan Kasimanickam, Washington State University, USA
Philip Kass, University of California, USA
Sharon Kendall, Royal Veterinary College, United Kingdom
Scott Kenney, The Ohio State University, USA
Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Akin Kirbas, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine-Yozgat/TURKEY, Turkey
William Kisseberth, Ohio State University, USA
Ad Koets, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Kavitha Kongara, Massey University, New Zealand
Suresh V Kuchipudi, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Arumugam Kumaresan, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, India
Elsa Lamy, University of Évora, Portugal
Han Lei, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, China
Nicola Lewis, Royal Veterinary College, UK
Qiuchun Li, Yangzhou University, China
Shengfa F Liao, Mississippi State University, USA
Albert Liao, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Tao Lin, University of Conneticut School of Medicine, USA
Jayant Lohakare, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, USA
Juan Loor, University of Illinois, USA
Hui-jun Lu, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, China
Neil Mabbott, University of Edinburgh, UK
Janet MacInnes, University of Guelph, Canada
Francesco Macrì, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina., Italy
Oscar Madzingira, University of Namibia, Namibia
Ricardo Soares Magalhaes, University of Queensland, Australia
Mohamed Mahdy, South Valley University, Egypt
Olfat Mahdy, Ph.D., Cairo University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Egypt
Paul Mandigers, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Ricardo Marcos, ICBAS, Portugal
Mohamed Marzok, Ph.D., King Fisal University, Saudi Arabia
Beatriz Martinez-Lopez, University of California-Davis, California, USA
Silvia Martinez-Subiela, University of Murcia, Spain
Ana Martins-Bessa, UTAD- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Ana Mateus, Royal Veterinary College, UK
Kaspar Matiasek, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München / LMU Munich, Germany
Maria Paola Maurelli, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Lorraine McElhinney, Animal and Plant Health Agency, UK
Richard McMullen, Auburn University, USA
Simon Menanteau-Ledouble, Aalborg University, Denmark
Lisa Mestrinho, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
Xiangyang Miao, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Andrei Daniel Mihalca, University of Agricultural Sciences and VeterinaryMedicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Amy Miller, Newcastle University, UK
Antonio Minervino, Federal University of Western Pará, Brazil
Fouad Mohammad, University of Mosul, Iraq
Simone Morelli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Italy
Marcella Mori, Sciensano, Belgium
Ana Muñoz, University of Córdoba, Spain
Nadia Musco, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
Anthony Mutsaers, University of Guelph, Canada
Jarlath Nally, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, USA
Shahid Nazir, University of New England, Australia
Gianluca Neglia, Federico II University of Naples - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Italy
Charles Nfon, National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canada
Robin A.J. Nicholas, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, UK
Jowita Samanta Niczyporuk, National Veterinary Research Institute, Poland
Rob Noad, Royal Veterinary College, UK
Adam Novobilsky, Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Czech Republic
José Ignacio Núñez, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal CReSA-IRTA, Spain
Annette O'Connor, Michigan State University, USA
Ciprian Ober, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Agricola Odoi, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States
Keitaro Ohmori, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
Ioannis Oikonomidis, IDEXX Laboratories, United Kingdom
Ali Doğan ÖMÜR, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Turkey
Arianne Oria, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
Sameer Pant, Charles Sturt University, Australia
Lysimachos G Papazoglou, Aristotle Universityof Thessaloniki, Greece
Josep Pastor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Marco Patruno, University of Padova, Italy
Valentín Perez, University of León, Spain
Karen Perry, Michigan State University, USA
David Piedrafita, Federation University Australia, Australia
F. William Pierson, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
Pablo Pinedo, Colorado State University, United States
Patrícia Poeta, University ofTrás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
Jelena Prpić, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Croatia
Michela Pugliese, Department of Veterinary Sciences - University of Messina, Italy
Izhar Hyder Qazi, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
Aijian Qin, Yangzhou University, China
Felisbina Queiroga, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
Rodrigo Gutierrez Quintana, University of Glasgow, UK
Carlos Agudelo Ramírez, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
Tanmoy Rana, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, India
Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza, South China Agricultural University, China
Robert B. Rebhun, University of California Davis, USA
Crawford Revie, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada
Wesley Ribeiro, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil
Karl Rich, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Norway
Mohamed Rizk, Mansoura University, Egypt
Katarzyna Ropka-Molik, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Poland
Rubén S. Rosales, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Silvia Sabattini, University of Bologna, Italy
Shebl Salem, Zagazig University, Egypt
Haney Samir, Cairo University, Egypt
Anjas Asmara Samsudin, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Subir Sarker, La Trobe University, Australia
Kazumasu Sasaki, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Japan
Tomohiro Sasanami, Shizuoka University, Japan
Abdelfattah Selim, Benha University, Egypt
Torsten Seuberlich, Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
Mohamed Shaalan, Cairo University, Egypt
Tongling Shan, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Xiaofei Shang, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CAAS, China
Eva María Sierra-Pulpillo, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Maria Siwek, UTP, University of Science and Technology, Poland
Eystein Skjerve, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Yosra Soltan, Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt
Benito Soto-Blanco, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fernando Souza, Federal University of Paraíba, Brazil
Giuseppe Spinella, University of Bologna, Italy
Tomasz Stankiewicz, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Poland
Valentina Stefanetti, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
Darko Stefanosvki, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, USA
Mark Stevenson, Massey University, New Zealand
Giuseppe Stradaioli, University Of Udine, Italy
George Strain, Louisiana State University, USA
Shuo Su, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Vikrant Sudan, College of Veterinary Sciences, DUVASU, Mathura, India
Marianne Sunde, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Norway
Gunnaporn Suriyaphol, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Steven Suter, NC State University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
Lakamy Sylla, University of Perugia, Italy
Fang Tang, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Mingxing Tian, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Felix N Toka, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts and Nevis
Vincenzo Tufarelli, University of Bari, Italy
Luca Turini, University of Pisa, Italy
Romana Turk, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Indu Upadhyaya, University of Arkansas, USA
Ricardo Ramirez Uscategui, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Brazil
Bernat Pérez de Val, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Spain
Frank van der Meer, University of Calgary, Canada
Frank van Steenbeek, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Gnanavel Venkatesan, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India
Jose M Vilar, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Stefan Vilcek, University of Vewterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovakia
Luca Villa, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
Balamurugan Vinayagamurthy, ICAR-NIVEDI, India
Zsofia Viranyi, University of Veterinary Medicine, Austria
Cecilia Vullo, University of Messina, Italy
Gemma Walmsley, University of Liverpool, UK
Chunhe Wan, Ph.D., Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Shaohui Wang, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Chong Wang, Iowa State University, USA
Cerian Webb, Newnham College, University of Cambridge, UK
Feng Wen, Foshan University, China
Kerstin Wernike, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
Carri Westgarth, University of Liverpool, UK
Anke Wiethoelter, University of Melbourne, Australia
David Wilkie, The Ohio State University, USA
Andrew Williams, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Henk Wisselink, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Netherlands
Edward Wright, University of Sussex, UK
Shangzhe Xie, Mandai Wildlife Group, Singapore
Danchen (Aaron) Yang, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Huansheng Yang, Hunan Normal University, China
Ling Yang, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
Latif Emrah Yanmaz, Atatürk University, Turkey
Jung-Yong Yeh, Incheon National University, South Korea
Zeki Yilmaz, University of Uludag, Turkey
Shao-Lun Zhai, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Yauheni Zhalniarovich, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland​​​​​​
Keyu Zhang, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Yadong Zheng, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, China
Shijun Zheng, China Agricultural University, China
Jie Zhu, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Editorial Advisers
Michael Azain, University of Georgia, USA
Olaf Berke, University of Guelph, Canada
Patrick Butaye, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevi
Sarah Cleaveland, University of Glasgow, UK
Patrick Boerlin, University of Guelph, Canada
Paul M Coussens, Michigan State University, USA
Johannes Charlier, Kraveat, Belgium
Philip Elzer, Louisiana State University, USA
David Freeman, University of Florida, USA
Zhen Fu, University of Georgia, USA
Matthew Parker, University of Portsmouth, UK
Ayona Silva-Fletcher, The Royal Veterinary College, UK
Ronald Weigel, University of Illinois, USA