Fig. 3

Palmatine regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in CMT-U27 cells. A-D CMT-U27 cells grown in 6-well plates and then cultured in fresh media containing various concentrations of palmatine for 18 h at 37ºC. After treatment, the cells were harvested for western blotting to quantify the expression of p-PI3K (A), PTEN, p-PTEN (B), AKT, p-AKT (C), mTOR, p-mTOR (D), and β-actin. E–H CMT-U27 cells grown in 24-well plates and then cultured in fresh media containing various concentrations of palmatine for 18 h at 37ºC. After treatment, immunocytochemistry was performed to quantify the expression of p-PI3K (E) and p-PTEN (G). Scale bar, 50 µm. Values are mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus untreated cells by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test