Fig. 2

Pictures acquired from the side (a) and back (b) of an amputee dog who underwent a TPLO 8 weeks earlier. Joints angle are measured by tracing specific anatomic landmarks and drawing lines along or joining those landmarks [18]. For the dog in the picture the shoulder was held at 104.1°, the elbow at 153.1°, the carpus at 213.6°, the hip at 105.1°, the stifle at 146.4°, and the tarsus at 145.1°. Pelvic limb abduction, measured as the angle formed by a vertical line and a line joining the center of the hip joint and metatarsal pad, was 9.1°