Fig. 6

Time series of disease-induced mortality rate, population size, and absence of disinfection over the study period in the populations of chickens, ducks, and Muscovy ducks of the study farms over the 20-month study periods (from June 2015 to January 2017). Top: Dashed lines are median estimates of death rates (from imputation) while solid lines are smoothed rates obtained through local regression (span factor: 0.5)