From: Life expectancy and causes of death in Bernese mountain dogs in Switzerland
Organ system | Disease process | Total | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Degenerative | Immune-mediated | Inflammatory/ infectious | Metabolic/ toxic | Neoplastic | Symptomatic | Mechanical | Traumatic | Unknown | ||
Haemolymphatic | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 (13.4 %) |
Nervous | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 (5.8 %) |
Cardiovascular | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0.8 %) |
Endocrine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.5 %) |
Gastrointestinal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 23 (6.0 %) |
Musculoskeletal | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 (9.7 %) |
Multiorgan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 62 (16.3 %) |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.3 %) |
Respiratory | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 (11.3 %) |
Urogenital | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 (3.7 %) |
Unknown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 89 | 123 (32.3 %) |
Total | 16 (4.2 %) | 5 (1.3 %) | 2 (0.5 %) | 2 (0.5 %) | 222 (58.3 %) | 37 (9.7 %) | 7 (1.8 %) | 1 (0.3 %) | 89 (23.4 %) | 381 |