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Table 2 Stress related parameters before and after surgery

From: Assessment of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol as a pain related stress biomarker in dogs pre-and post-operation

Variables

High pain (n = 15)

Low pain (n = 20)

Before Surgery

 CMPS-SF

14.27 ± 2.19

3.05 ± 2.5

 Heart rate (beats/min)

125.29 ± 24.75

123.58 ± 17.02

 Blood pressure (mmHg)

125.36 ± 22.91

120.26 ± 20.24

 Salivary α-amylase (ng/ml)

14.87 ± 5.85

9.80 ± 4.33

 Serum α-amylase (ng/ml)

49.57 ± 43.42

50.82 ± 70.85

 Salivary cortisol (mcg/dl)

0.82 ± 0.61

0.99 ± 0.81

 Serum cortisol (mcg/dl)

2.85 ± 0.56

3.13 ± 1.16

After surgery

 CMPS-SF

6.20 ± 3.21 ***

1.11 ± 1.15 **

 Heart rate (beats/min)

122.43 ± 21.53

122.84 ± 16.59

 Blood pressure (mmHg)

122.14 ± 23.51

123.42 ± 8.83

 Salivary α-amylase (ng/ml)

11.35 ± 6.83 *

10.16 ± 6.85

 Serum α-amylase (ng/ml)

42.98 ± 40.34 *

50.21 ± 76.84

 Salivary cortisol (mcg/dl)

0.66 ± 0.39

0.717 ± 0.534

 Serum cortisol (mcg/dl)

2.15 ± 1.04 *

2.28 ± 1.07 **

  1. Data are mean ± SD
  2. High pain score group: pre-operative CMPS-SF > 9; Low pain score group: pre-operative CMPS-SF ≤9 pain score
  3. CMPS-SF; short form of the Glasgow composite measure pain scale
  4. * Significance of differences in stress parameters before and after surgery. *P < 0.05 **P < 0.001 ***P < 0.0001