Table 2 Descriptive statistics and univariable logistic regression analysis of predictor variables associated with tick-borne pathogen occurrence in cattle
Variables | Categories | Prevalence (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Anaplasma spp. | ||||
Breed | Exotic | 16/62 (25.8) | 1.64 (0.84–3.09) | 0.132 |
Cross | 17/74 (23.0) | 1.41 (0.74–2.58) | 0.281 | |
Local | 50/286 (17.5) | Reference | Overall = 0.251 | |
Sex | Male | 42/207 (20.3) | 1.08 (0.67–1.75) | 0.753 |
Female | 41/215 (19.1) | Reference | Â | |
Age | ≥ 12 months | 76/369 (20.6) | 1.70 (0.79–4.27) | 0.187 |
<  12 months | 7/53 (13.2) | Reference |  | |
BCS | 3–5 | 27/133 (20.3) | 1.06 (0.63–1.76) | 0.825 |
1–2.5 | 56/289 (19.4) | Reference |  | |
Ticks | Present | 56/225 (24.9) | 2.09 (1.27–3.50) | 0.004** |
Absent | 27/197 (13.7) | Reference | Â | |
Sampling site | SH | 47/203 (23.2) | 1.53 (0.95–2.50) | 0.083 |
LM | 36/219 (16.4) | Reference | Â | |
Ehrlichia spp. | ||||
Breed | Exotic | 10/62 (16.1) | 2.21 (0.87–5.18) | 0.079 |
Cross | 3/74 (4.1) | 0.41 (0.06–1.48) | 0.244 | |
Local | 15/286 (5.2) | Reference | Overall = 0.063 | |
Sex | Male | 15/207 (7.2) | 1.21 (0.56–2.66) | 0.621 |
Female | 13/215 (6.0) | Reference | Â | |
Age | ≥ 12 months | 25/369 (6.8) | 1.21 (0.41–5.22) | 0.756 |
<  12 months | 3/53 (5.7) | Reference |  | |
BCS | 3–5 | 7/133 (5.3) | 0.71 (0.27–1.64) | 0.433 |
1–2.5 | 21/289 (7.3) | Reference |  | |
Ticks | Present | 21/225 (9.3) | 2.79 (1.22–7.23) | 0.015* |
Absent | 7/197 (3.6) | Reference | Â | |
Sampling site | SH | 13/203 (6.4) | 0.93 (0.43–2.01) | 0.854 |
LM | 15/219 (6.8) | Reference | Â | |
Theileria spp. | ||||
Breed | Exotic | 2/62 (3.2) | 0.20 (0.03–0.67) | 0.029* |
Cross | 9/74 (12.2) | 0.83 (0.36–1.72) | 0.630 | |
Local | 41/286 (14.3) | Reference | Overall = 0.023* | |
Sex | Male | 25/207 (12.1) | 0.96 (0.53–1.71) | 0.881 |
Female | 27/215 (12.6) | Reference | Â | |
Age | ≥ 12 months | 44/369 (11.9) | 0.76 (0.35–1.84) | 0.522 |
<  12 months | 8/53 (15.1) | Reference |  | |
BCS | 3–5 | 21/133 (15.8) | 1.56 (0.85–2.82) | 0.149 |
1–2.5 | 31/289 (10.7) | Reference |  | |
Ticks | Present | 28/225 (12.4) | 1.02 (0.57–1.85) | 0.935 |
Absent | 24/197 (12.2) | Reference | Â | |
Sampling site | SH | 31/203 (15.3) | 1.70 (0.95–3.10) | 0.076 |
LM | 21/219 (9.6) | Reference | Â | |
A. marginale | ||||
Breed | Exotic | 11/62 (17.7) | 7.50 (2.90–20.24) | <  0.001 |
Cross | 2/74 (2.7) | 0.96 (0.14–3.95) | 0.965 | |
Local | 8/286 (2.8) | Reference | Overall < 0.001*** | |
Sex | Male | 11/207 (5.3) | 1.15 (0.47–2.82) | 0.754 |
Female | 10/215 (4.7) | Reference | Â | |
BCS | 3–5 | 5/133 (3.8) | 0.67 (0.21–1.74) | 0.424 |
1–2.5 | 16/289 (5.5) | Reference |  | |
Ticks | Present | 14/225 (6.2) | 1.80 (0.73–4.84) | 0.203 |
Absent | 7/197 (3.6) | Reference | Â | |
Sampling site | SH | 16/203 (7.9) | 3.66 (1.40–11.37) | 0.007** |
LM | 5/219 (2.3) | Reference | Â | |