Table 2 Ethogram used to score piglet behavior, grouped into feeding, locomotion, non-specific behaviors, pain-related behaviors, posture, and social cohesion (adapted from [2])
From: Efficacy of buprenorphine for management of surgical castration pain in piglets
Behaviors | Description |
|---|---|
Suckling | Teat in mouth and suckling movements |
Nosing udder | Nose in contact with udder, up and down head movements |
Playing | Springing, bouncy movements with littermates |
Agonistic | Biting or fighting other littermates |
Walking | Moving forward at a normal pace |
Running | Trot or gallop |
Awake inactive | No special activity, but awake |
Sleeping | Lying down, eyes closed |
Nosing | Snout in contact with a substrate |
Chewing | Nibbling at littermates or substrates |
Trembling | Shivering, as with cold |
Spasms | Quick and involuntary contractions of the muscles |
Scratching | Rubbing the rump against the floor, pen walls, or littermates |
Tail wagging | Tail’s movements from side to side (or up and down) |
Stiffness | Lying with extended and tensed legs |
Lying | Body weight supported by side or belly |
Sitting | Body weight supported by hindquarters and front legs |
Standing | Body weight supported by four legs |
Kneeling | Body weight supported by front carpal joints and hind legs |
Isolated | Alone or with one littermate at most, distance of 40Â cm separates the animal(s) from the closest group of littermates |
Desynchronized | Activity different from that of most littermates (at least 75%) |