Data | Feline LGAL | Human indolent digestive T-cell LPD |
---|---|---|
Epidemiology | Frequent, increasing prevalence over the last decade | Very rare |
Clinical signs | Non-specific weight loss, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea | Non-specific weight loss, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, digestive bleeding, malnutrition |
Gastrointestinal localisation | Multiple lesions affecting all the gastrointestinal tract; small intestine as main involvement | Multiple lesions affecting all the gastrointestinal tract; small intestine as main involvement |
Histology | Monomorphic population of small- to intermediate-sized T-lymphocytes; infiltration of neoplastic T-cells in villi and lamina propria; moderate villous atrophy; crypt hyperplasia | Monomorphic population of small- to intermediate-sized T-lymphocytes Infiltration of neoplastic T-cells in villi and lamina propria; villous atrophy (often severe); crypt hyperplasia; erythema of the mucosa; ulcers; mucosal nodularity |
Immunophenotyping | CD3+ | CD3+ CD4+ (frequent) or CD8+ or CD4-/CD8- (rare) |
Clonality pattern | Clonal or oligoclonal TCRγ rearrangement | Clonal or oligoclonal TCRγ rearrangement |
Main differential diagnosis | Inflammatory bowel disease | Refractory coeliac disease, autoimmune enteropathy |
Outcome | Indolent evolution | Indolent evolution |
Median survival time of 2 years | Persistent disease at a median follow up of 5 years | |
Treatment | No gold standard | No gold standard |
Chlorambucil and steroids most common | “Watch and wait” strategy, immunosuppressive agents, chemotherapy (CHOP regimen), anti CD52 monoclonal antibody |