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Fig. 9 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 9

From: Non-linear optical microscopy of cartilage canals in the distal femur of young pigs may reveal the cause of articular osteochondrosis

Fig. 9

Necrotic cartilage and delay in ossification. Cyan: Two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPEF), Glowing red: Second harmonic generation (SHG). a An area with chondronecrosis is indicated by the dashed lines in the epiphyseal growth cartilage of the 82-day old pig. The chondronecrosis is located approximately 1.6 mm from the articular surface. The intense SHG signals above the lesion represent collagen fibres of the caudal cruciate ligament (CCL). b Magnified image of the dashed square that shows the border between the necrotic and viable cartilage. The necrotic chondrocytes appear shrunken. c Magnified image of the dashed rectangle showing a necrotic cartilage canal associated with the chondronecrosis. The chondrocytes located near the ossification front appear viable. d In the 140-day old pig, the areas with chondronecrosis have been surrounded by bone and have delayed the ossification. Images a and d were produced using a 10×–focusing objective, while a 25×–focusing objective was used in b and c. The bars equal to 1 mm in a and d and 100 μm in b and c

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