Fig. 1

Study flow chart summarizing the group distribution of the 239 dogs included into the study. The two different parts of the study are marked by the grey shaded areas: (i) evaluation of the urinary S100/calgranulins in dogs with a defined disease state; and (ii) evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the urinary S100/calgranulins for the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)/prostatic carcinoma (PCA) in dogs ≥6 years of age (n = 141). ^#e.g., lack of a definitive diagnosis, not possible to categorize in one group (e.g., concurrent non-urinary tract malignancy and urinary tract infection), abnormal urinalysis results in healthy controls, or Leptospirosis suspect (analysis of urine considered as a possible public health concern)