a) UNCERTAIN RISK OF BIAS | |||||||||||||
iii: Non-individualised/Prophylaxis | |||||||||||||
Ref. | First author | Year | Condition | Species | Outcome measure | Hom. | Cont. | Summary effect measure | Effect size (95 % CI) | Direction of change favouring homeopathy | Direction of effect | P value | Inference * |
A34 | Signoretti | 2008 | Ectoparasite infestation | Cattle | Faecal egg count per gram | 340 (sd, 214); N = 8 | 207 (sd, 131); N = 8 | SMD | 0.71 [−0.31, 1.73] | Lower | Cont. | 0.17 | [iii: b] |
A36 | Soto | 2008 | Diarrhoea (neonatal) | Pigs | Number of animal-days with diarrhoea | 34/192 | 25/192 | OR | 0.70 [0.40, 1.22] | Lower | Cont. | 0.20 | [iii: b] |
A31 | Reis | 2006 | Handling stress | Cattle | Serum cortisol | 5.1 (sd, 1.8); N = 30 | 5.3 (sd, 1.45); N = 30 | SMD | −0.12 [−0.63, 0.39] | Lower | Hom. | 0.64 | [iii: b] |
A32 | Reis | 2008 | Immune response to rabies vaccination | Cattle | Rabies-neutralizing antibody titer | 10.8 (sd, 9.5); N = 15 | 14.4 (sd, 11.1); N = 15 | SMD | −0.34 [−1.06, 0.38] | Higher | Cont. | 0.36 | [iii: b] |
b) HIGH RISK OF BIAS | |||||||||||||
i: Individualised/Treatment | |||||||||||||
Ref. | First author | Year | Condition | Species | Outcome measure | Hom. | Cont. | Summary effect measure | Effect size (95 % CI) | Direction of change favouring homeopathy | Direction of effect | P value | Inference a |
A12 | Schütte | 1988 | Mastitis, metritis and agalactia | Pigs | None useable | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
ii: Non-individualised/Treatment | |||||||||||||
Ref. | First author | Year | Condition | Species | Outcome measure | Hom. | Cont. | Summary effect measure | Effect size (95 % CI) | Direction of change favouring homeopathy | Direction of effect | P value | Inference * |
A42 | Lohr | 2013 | Diarrhoea (neonatal) | Cattle | Cure rate (Sum-score [physical condition]) | 37/50 | 42/56 | OR | 0.95 [0.40, 2.28] | Higher | Cont. | 0.91 | [iii: a] |
A14 | Coelho | 2009 | Diarrhoea (neonatal) | Pigs | Proportion of animals without diarrhoea at the end of treatment | 35/35 | 5/9 | OR | 58.09 [2.73, 1234.82] | Higher | Hom. | 0.009 | [i: a] |
A41 | Catto | 2013 | Ectoparasite infestation | Cattle | None useable | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
A19 | Silva | 2008 | Ectoparasite infestation | Cattle | None useable | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
A40 | Lotfollahzadeh | 2012 | Foot-and-mouth disease | Cattle | Rectal temperature | 38.6 (sd, 0.2); N = 50 | 39.0 (sd, 0.1); N = 15 | SMD | −2.16 [−2.86, −1.47] | Lower | Hom. | <0.001 | [i: a] |
A21 | Zacharias | 2008 | Gastrointestinal nematodes | Sheep | Faecal egg count | 954 (sd, 1077); N = 7 | 1308 (sd, 1108); N = 7 | SMD | −0.30 [−1.36, 0.75] | Lower | Hom. | 0.57 | [iii: a] |
A15 | Faulstich | 2006 | Lameness | Horses | Treatment success (overall effectiveness) | 18/22 | 14/19 | OR | 1.61 [0.36, 7.12] | Higher | Hom. | 0.53 | [iii: a] |
A16 | Klocke | 2010 | Mastitis | Cattle | Absence of clinical mastitis infection | 29/32 | 32/36 | OR | 1.21 [0.25, 5.86] | Higher | Hom. | 0.81 | [iii: a] |
A20 | Varshney | 2005 | Mastitis | Cattle | Quarter cure-rate (non-fibrosed) | 58/67 | 57/96 | OR | 4.41 [1.96, 9.93] | Higher | Hom. | <0.001 | [i: a] |
A39 | Braun | 2011 | Mastitis, metritis and agalactia | Pigs | Cure rate (MMA-sum score) | 20/28 | 21/32 | OR | 1.31 [0.44, 3.92] | Higher | Hom. | 0.63 | [iii: a] |
A13 | Beceriklisoy | 2008 | Pseudopregnancy | Dogs | Treatment 'success' (recovery rate) | 30/30 | 3/8 | OR | 95.86 [4.32, 2126.07] | Higher | Hom. | 0.004 | [i: a] |
A18 | Sandoval | 1998 | Salmonellosis | Birds | None useable | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
A17 | Rocha | 2006 | Gastrointestinal nematodes | Sheep | Proportion of animals not requiring anti-helminthic treatment | 7/10 | 5/10 | OR | 2.33 [0.37, 14.61] | Higher | Hom. | 0.37 | [iii: b] |
iii: Non-individualised/Prophylaxis | |||||||||||||
Ref. | First author | Year | Condition | Species | Outcome measure | Hom. | Cont. | Summary effect measure | Effect size (95 % CI) | Direction of change favouring homeopathy | Direction of effect | P value | Inference a |
A35 | Sommer | 1972 | Infertility | Cattle | Number with infertility disorders | 13/40 | 9/18 | OR | 2.08 [0.67, 6.47] | Lower | Hom. | 0.21 | [iii: c] |
A38 | Williamson | 1991 | Infertility | Cattle | None useable | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |