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Table 5 Yearly risk of introduction of cattle diseases

From: Risk assessment as a tool for improving external biosecurity at farm level

Scenario/Model

Biosecurity measures

Dairy herd 180 milking cows

Calf fattening herd 120 calves

BRSV

 

%

%

 Baseline

No

100 (99.96–100)

98.85 (74.86–100)

Yes

99.99 (91.63–100)

65.70 (31.86–89.43)

 Low-risk

No

75.82 (19.09–99.21)

61.00 (13.37–96.05)

Yes

32.99 (5.83–76.20)

27.30 (4.72–66.55)

BCoV

 Baseline

No

100 (100–100)

99.86 (90.90–100)

 

Yes

100 (99.63–100)

85.35 (54.71–97.67)

 Low-risk

No

80.85 (22.91–99.54)

69.86 (17.30–98.15)

 

Yes

39.12 (7.57–80.60)

38.50 (7.36–79.44)

  1. Model outputs for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in two example cattle herds, as calculated in a stochastic model, based on two scenarios (baseline and low-risk contact patterns, respectively), with and without application of biosecurity (quarantine for new animals, protective clothes for visitors, hygiene lock for loading/unloading, isolated deadstock collection area). Median result and 5th to 95th percentiles (in brackets) are given