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Table 2 Least square means (LSM ± S.E) of plasma metabolites as influenced by CDCO treatment and week of supplementation

From: Effect of crude degummed canola oil and ad libitumgrazing on plasma metabolites of primiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in a pasture-based system

Effect

Plasma metabolites

BHBA

Cholesterol

Glucose

NEFA

Control

0.5 ± 0.0a

5.8 ± 0.2

3.9 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

High

0.5 ± 0.0a

5.6 ± 0.3

3.9 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

Low

0.4 ± 0.0b

5.3 ± 0.3

3.7 ± 0.2

0.1 ± 0.0

Medium

0.4 ± 0.0b

5.5 ± 0.2

3.9 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

Week

    

0

0.4 ± 0.0

5.5 ± 0.2

4.1 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

2

0.6 ± 0.0

5.6 ± 0.2

4.0 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.0

3

0.4 ± 0.0

5.6 ± 0.3

3.8 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

5

0.6 ± 0.0

5.5 ± 0.3

4.0 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.0

7

0.4 ± 0.0

5.3 ± 0.5

3.5 ± 0.2

0.2 ± 0.0

8

0.4 ± 0.0

5.7 ± 0.4

3.7 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.0

  1. Column means within a variable bearing different superscripts significantly differ (P < 0.05); β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA, mmol), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA, mmol), Cholesterol (mmol), Glucose (mmol); Crude degummed canola oil (CDCO). Week 0, week before supplementation, week 2, second week of fat supplementation.