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Figure 1 | BMC Veterinary Research

Figure 1

From: Effects of dietary polyphenol-rich plant products from grape or hop on pro-inflammatory gene expression in the intestine, nutrient digestibility and faecal microbiota of weaned pigs

Figure 1

Relative mRNA abundances of ICAM1, IL1B, IL8, CCL2 and TNF in the mucosa of duodenum (A), ileum (B) and colon ascendens C of pigs fed the control diet or diets supplemented with 1% grape seed and grape marc meal extract (GSGME) or 1% spent hops (SH). Bars represent mean ± SD of 16 pigs per group and are expressed as fold of relative mRNA abundances of the control group. *Significantly different from control (P < 0.05). #Tended to differ from control (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10). ICAM1, intercellular adhesion molecule; CCL2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL8, interleukin 8; IL1B, interleukin 1 beta.

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