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Table 3 Experiment design for grouping, sampling, and analysis

From: Supplementation of dietary germanium biotite enhances induction of the immune responses by foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle

Farms

Number of cattle

Samples

Analysis of

Control

Germanium biotite

A

26

22

Serum, saliva, feces

Inhibition percentage, ELISA for antibody levels (IgG and IgA), lysozyme activity

B

13

18

Serum, saliva, feces

Inhibition percentage, ELISA for antibody levels (IgG and IgA), lysozyme activity, virus neutralization test

C

5

5

Serum, saliva, feces, PBMC

Inhibition percentage, ELISA for antibody levels (IgG and IgA), lysozyme activity, PBMC (phenotype, cytokines, proliferation)

  1. Among 89 cattle at 6-8 months of age, 45 cattle were raised with feeds supplemented with 0.5% germanium biotite from 1 week before vaccination to the end of experiment (germanium biotite group) and the rest of them were raised without supplementation (control group).