Level | Cattle | Pigs | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area A | Area B | Area A | ||||||||
Number of farms | P-value | Number of farms | P-value | Number of farms | P-value | |||||
Case | Control | Case | Control | Case | Control | |||||
Total | 49 | 48 | 37 | 73 | 59 | 15 | ||||
General information on the farm | ||||||||||
Herd size | large | 31 | 18 | 0.011 | 35 | 21 | <0.001 | 31 | 6 | 0.386 |
small | 18 | 30 | 2 | 52 | 28 | 9 | ||||
Fattening farm | yes | - | - | - | - | - | - | 13 | 9 | 0.007* |
no | - | - | - | - | 46 | 6 | ||||
Belong to a company group | yes | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8 | 7 | 0.009 |
no | - | - | - | - | 51 | 8 | ||||
People movements | ||||||||||
Farmer visited other livestock farms | yes | 4 | 4 | 0.631 | 4 | 12 | 0.429 | 9 | 3 | 0.457 |
no | 45 | 44 | 33 | 61 | 50 | 12 | ||||
Farm staff commuted from outside | yes | 0 | 0 | - | 16 | 1 | <0.001* | 22 | 1 | 0.018* |
no | 49 | 48 | 21 | 72 | 37 | 14 | ||||
Veterinarians visited the farm | yes | 3 | 4 | 0.488 | 10 | 5 | 0.004 | 0 | 1 | 0.203 |
no | 46 | 44 | 27 | 68 | 59 | 14 | ||||
Agricultural technicians visited the farm | yes | 0 | 4 | 0.056* | 3 | 4 | 0.437 | 0 | 0 | - |
no | 49 | 44 | 34 | 69 | 59 | 15 | ||||
Staff of livestock related companies visited the farm | yes | 0 | 3 | 0.117* | 13 | 1 | <0.001* | 18 | 3 | 0.323 |
no | 49 | 45 | 24 | 72 | 41 | 12 | ||||
Other livestock farmers visited the farm | yes | 1 | 4 | 0.175 | 1 | 6 | 0.249 | 0 | 1 | 0.203 |
no | 48 | 44 | 36 | 67 | 59 | 14 | ||||
Other people visited the farm | yes | 6 | 2 | 0.141* | 5 | 6 | 0.289 | 8 | 0 | 0.147* |
no | 43 | 46 | 32 | 67 | 51 | 15 | ||||
Vehicle movements | ||||||||||
Feed transport vehicles visited the farm | yes | 7 | 4 | 0.355 | 26 | 14 | <0.001* | 33 | 8 | 0.857 |
no | 42 | 44 | 11 | 59 | 26 | 7 | ||||
Farmer transported feed with own vehicle | yes | 26 | 22 | 0.477 | 3 | 22 | 0.009* | 9 | 1 | 0.35 |
no | 23 | 26 | 34 | 51 | 50 | 14 | ||||
Carcass transport vehicles visited the farm | yes | 1 | 0 | 0.505 | 12 | 2 | <0.001* | 3 | 1 | 0.604 |
no | 48 | 48 | 25 | 71 | 56 | 14 | ||||
Bedding transport vehicles visited the farm | yes | 15 | 14 | 0.876 | 23 | 19 | <0.001* | 24 | 5 | 0.603 |
no | 34 | 34 | 14 | 54 | 35 | 10 | ||||
Farm management | ||||||||||
Farm equipment was shared with other farms | yes | 10 | 1 | 0.004* | 4 | 2 | 0.097* | 1 | 1 | 0.367 |
no | 39 | 47 | 33 | 71 | 58 | 14 | ||||
Manure was removed from the farm | yes | 7 | 10 | 0.396 | 3 | 11 | 0.237 | 9 | 1 | 0.35 |
no | 42 | 38 | 34 | 62 | 50 | 14 | ||||
Farm location | ||||||||||
Barn has physical barriers | yes | 21 | 30 | 0.053* | 26 | 49 | 0.738 | 30 | 12 | 0.042* |
no | 28 | 18 | 11 | 24 | 29 | 3 | ||||
A forest surrounds the farm | yes | 31 | 40 | 0.026* | 25 | 57 | 0.232 | 34 | 12 | 0.111* |
no | 18 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 25 | 3 | ||||
Housing located outside the farm | yes | 5 | 2 | 0.226 | 19 | 10 | <0.001* | 23 | 5 | 0.687 |
no | 44 | 46 | 18 | 63 | 36 | 10 | ||||
Barns bordered by a road | yes | 17 | 21 | 0.361 | 18 | 18 | 0.011* | 33 | 4 | 0.043* |
no | 32 | 27 | 19 | 55 | 26 | 11 |