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Table 1 Mortality risk (%) and rates (cases per 1000 days at risk) in white veal calves by production system (15 cohorts, 5853 calves, 2007-2009, Belgium)

From: Longitudinal study on morbidity and mortality in white veal calves in Belgium

Cause of mortality

 

Total (n = 5853)

Dairy (n = 2744)

Crossbreds (n = 1624)

Beef (n = 1485)

 

Percentage of cohorts affected

Mortality risk

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality rate

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality risk

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality rate

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality risk

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality rate

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality risk

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Mortality rate

mean ± SD

(min-max)

Total mortality

100.0

5.3 ± 2.5

(1.8-10.9)

0.27 ± 0.13

(0.09-0.58)

4.9 ± 0.8

(3.9-5.7)

0.25 ± 0.030

(0.22-0.28)

3.5 ± 1.6

(1.8-5.3)

0.18 ± 0.08

(0.09-0.27)

7.5 ± 3.0

(4.8 ± 10.9)

0.38 ± 0.16

(0.25-0.58)

Pneumonia

100.0

1.3 ± 1.1

(0.3-3.5)

0.07 ± 0.06

(0.01-0.18)

0.9 ± 0.5

(0.5-1.8)

0.05 ± 0.03

(0.03-0.09)

0.7 ± 0.3

(0.3-1.2)

0.03 ± 0.02

(0.15-0.06)

2.3 ± 1.5

(0.3-3.5)

0.02 ± 0.08

(0.01-0.18)

Ruminal disorders

86.7

0.7 ± 0.6

(0-2.2)

0.04 ± 0.03

(0-0.11)

0.8 ± 0.6

(0.2-1.6)

0.04 ± 0.03

(0.01-0.08)

0.8 ± 0.8

(0.2-2.2)

0.04 ± 0.04

(0.01-0.11)

0.6 ± 0.6

(0-1.2)

0.03 ± 0.03

(0-0.06)

Enterotoxaemia

66.7

0.5 ± 0.7

(0-2.2)

0.03 ± 0.03

(0-0.11)

0.2 ± 0.2

(0-0.4)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.2 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

1.3 ± 0.7

(0.5-2.2)

0.06 ± 0.04

(0.03-0.11)

Idiopathic peritonitis

73.3

0.5 ± 0.6

(0-2.1)

0.02 ± 0.03

(0-0.10)

0.8 ± 0.8

(0-2.1)

0.04 ± 0.04

(0-1.10)

0.3 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.3 ± 0.3

(0-0.8)

0.01 ± 0.02

(0-0.04)

Enteritis

80.0

0.4 ± 0.3

(0-1.3)

0.02 ± 0.02

(0-0.06)

0.3 ± 0.3

(0-0.7)

0.02 ± 0.02

(0-0.04)

0.3 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.6 ± 0.4

(0.2-1.3)

0.03 ± 0.02

(0.01-0.06)

Death at arrival

20.0

0.3 ± 0.7

(0-2.2)

0.01 ± 0.03

(0-0.11)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.1)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

0.4 ± 1.0

(0-2.2)

0.02 ± 0.05

(0-0.11)

0.3 ± 0.7

(0-1.6)

0.02 ± 0.04

(0-0.08)

Arthritis

26.7

0.1 ± 0.3

(0-1.0)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.05)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

-

-

0.3 ± 0.4

(0-1.0)

0.01 ± 0.02

(0-0.05)

Abomasal hemorrhage

26.7

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.0 ± 0.1

(0-0.1)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

Congenital heart defect

20.0

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.4)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.2 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

-

-

Hydranencephalia

20.0

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.6)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.1)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.1 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

Intussusception

20.0

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.028)

0.0 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.03)

Omphalitis

46.7

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.2 ± 0.1

(0.2--0.4)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0.01--0.02)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.1 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

Perforating abomasal ulceration

26.7

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.3 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.02

(0-0.03)

-

-

0.0 ± 0.1

(0.0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

Unknown sudden death

6.7

0.1 ± 0.5

(0-1.8)

0.01 ± 0.03

(0-0.10)

-

-

-

-

0.4 ± 0.8

(0-1.8)

0.02 ± 0.04

(0-0.10)

Iron shock

13.3

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

-

-

Liver disease

6.7

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.5)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.024)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

-

-

0.1 ± 0.2

(0-0.5)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

Meningitis

6.7

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.02)

-

-

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

-

-

Mesenteric torsion

6.7

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.016)

-

-

-

-

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

Necrobacillosis

13.3

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

0.0 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

-

-

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

Orchitis

6.7

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.00

(0-0.01)

-

-

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

-

-

Trauma

13.3

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.02)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.014)

0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.3)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.012)

-

-

Urethra obstruction

6.7

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

< 0.1 ± 0.1

(0-0.2)

< 0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.01)

-

-

-

-

Not autopsied

80.0

0.6 ± 0.6

(0-1.8)

< 0.01 ± 0.03

(0-0.09)

0.8 ± 0.6

(0.2-1.6)

0.04 ± 0.03

(0.01-0.08)

0.2 ± 0.3

(0-0.6)

0.01 ± 0.01

(0-0.03)

0.8 ± 0.7

(0-1.8)

0.04 ± 0.03

(0-0.09)

  1. - = no cases