Table 3 Univariate association between recorded exposure factors and prevalence of Q fever abortions in ruminants.

Regions

Northbound Region

13

7

-

Border Region

26

11

0.50

Karpas Region

20

7

0.30

Animals

Cows

51

21

-

Sheep and Goat

8

4

0.64

Feed Type

Farm-made Feed

28

19

-

Commercial Feed

23

3

0.00

Both of The Above

8

3

0.13

Frequency of Litter Cleaning

<5 Times/Year

23

19

-

5 < × < 10 Times/Year

20

5

0.001

>10 Times/Years

16

1

0.001

Presence of Rodents in Animal Housing

Absent

33

9

-

Present

26

16

0.01

Ticks on aborted Animals

Absent

29

2

-

Present

30

23

0.001

Houseflies on Farm

Absent

23

4

-

Present

36

21

0.003

Pigeons on Farm

Absent

24

3

-

Present

35

22

0.001

Presence of Carnivores at Farm

Absent

30

4

0.001

Present

29

21

0.001