From: Linkages between animal and human health sentinel data
First Author | Zoonotic Disease | Animals Studied | Description of Linkage |
---|---|---|---|
Ferguson [32] | BSE | Livestock | Statistical modeling of human risk from transmission of infected sheep based on the number of animals slaughtered for food production |
Keeling [35] | Plague | Wildlife | Stochastic metapopulation modelling using rodent population estimates to predict disease outbreaks in rats and subsequent severity of human infection |
Niklasson [43] | Many | Wildlife | Cross-correlation function to determine dependence between abundance of bank voles and various diseases (and vice-versa) from hospitalization and cause of death registry. |
Niklasson [42] | Puumala | Wildlife | Cross-correlation function to determine dependence between rodent density and human cases. |
Eidson [20] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Number of dead crows sightings per square mile plotted against number of human cases |
Dubey [30] | Toxoplasma Gondi | Companion, Livestock, and Wildlife | Logistic regression of cross-sectional data to examine risk of human infection for farm handlers with factors such as seroprevalence of cats, age of workers, and years of work |
Gurtler [33] | Chagas Disease | Companion and Wildlife | Expected relative risk of infected bugs based on the combined effect of the presence of infected dogs and infected humans. |
Rab [44] | Leishmaniasis | Companion | Association of human and canine disease risk shown through contingency table of households with and without infected dogs versus infected humans in a random sample |
Zeman [49] | Lyme Disease | Wildlife | Correlation between population densities of game animals on GIS raster maps with human risk maps using a covariance/correlation matrix |
Watson [2] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Relationship of Geocoded human cases and estimated dead crow densities used to calculate Mantel-Haenszel incidence ratio with Greenland- Robins 95%CI. |
Mostashari [41] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Spatial-temporal cluster analysis of dead bird findings for early warning of known mosquitoes and human infection to produce risk maps. |
Mitra [40] | Sarcoptes scabiei | Companion and Livestock | Association between infected male and female adults and children with infected sheep, goats, cattle and dogs, by using a contingency table |
Marrie [39] | Q Fever | Companion | Risk factor for disease between cases and controls including exposure to stillborn kittens. Exposure to parturient cats, and slaughtering of animals assessed through chi-square, Fisher's, and Logistic regression |
Wall [47] | Salmonellosis | Livestock | Logistic regression to analyze risk factors with infection including cross-sectional data such as contact with sick farm animals |
Xu [48] | Hemorrhagic Fever | Wildlife | Risk of cat ownership and presence of rodent activity for infected versus non-infected calculated using Mantel-Haenszel |
Brownstein JS [29] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Spatial cluster analysis of human cases and logistic regression according to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were used to create disease risk maps which was validated using locations of virus-positive mosquitoes |
Theophilides [46] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Risk model developed by Knox test using space and time data from dead bird reports and calibrated using human case reports |
Shaman [45] | St. Louis Encephalitis | Livestock | Logistic regression model to predict epidemic using water table depth, as well as avian host virus susceptibility and mobility |
Brownstein [15] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Regression Model including virus-positive mosquitoes and birds to predict human cases. |
Andreadis TG [13] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Linear regression models to determine association between mosquito infection rates and number of human cases, and between the human population density and mosquito abundance. |
Julian [34] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Association of early season crow activity including reported dead crows and infected crows with human infection, assessed through relative risk calculation for univariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis |
Guptill [21] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Relative risk to determine association between counties reporting early season crow deaths and subsequent reporting of human infection |
Zinsstag [50] | Brucellosis | Livestock | Deterministic model to estimate disease transmission from livestock to humans using demographic and seroprevalence data from cattle and sheep and human case data. |
Mannelli [38] | Mediterranean spotted fever | Companion | Association between disease infection in canines and risk of disease in humans by performing second order neighborhood analysis on distance of dog residences from known human cases |
Mannelli [37] | Lyme Disease | Companion | Risk for human exposure of disease vectors was calculated by relative risk using questionnaire data including past exposure to ticks and occupation |
Li [36] | Many | Livestock | Probability model to estimate risk of human infection from exposure to vectors using estimates including number of vector bites per host per season and vector infection rate |
Ezenwa [31] | West Nile Virus | Wildlife | Association between bird density and virus infection rates in mosquitoes and humans by simple linear regression and multivariate regression |
Corrigan [18] | West Nile Virus | Livestock | Spatial scan statistic using Poisson distribution to predict clusters of infected horses and humans by combining cases in humans, horses, population data, location of the horses and location of the patient |
Ascione [28] | None (Domestic Violence) | Companion | Stepwise Logistic regression to examine risk factors associated with physical abuse and threats of abuse to family pets including interview variables with abused and non-abused women such as physical spousal abuse, verbal abuse, and women's education level |