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Table 4 Univariable analysis of association between clinical signs, physical examination findings and laboratory data and the risk of prolonged postoperative hospitalization (≥ 3 days) in bitches with pyometra

From: Outcome of pyometra in female dogs and predictors of peritonitis and prolonged postoperative hospitalization in surgically treated cases

Variablea

No. of bitches with prolonged hospitalization/bitches with variable n (%)

Missing data

p-value (Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test)

Case history

Anorexia

Yes

34/167 (20)

69

0.08

 

No

9/79 (11)

  

Polyuria

Yes

25/151 (16)

62

0.17

 

No

24/102 (23)

  

Polydipsia

Yes

24/159 (15)

59

0.04

 

No

25/97 (16)

  

Vomiting

Yes

21/68 (31)

0

0.005

 

No

39/247 (16)

  

Diarrhea

Yes

13/51 (25)

0

0.2

 

No

47/264 (18)

  

Vaginal discharge

Yes

44/205 (21)

42

0.5

 

No

12/68 (18)

  

Depression

Normal (brightness)

12/126 (9)

0

< 0.0001

 

Mild

20/116 (17)

  
 

Moderate

15/54 (28)

  
 

Severe

13/19 (68)

  

Lameness

Yes

13/48 (27)

14

0.11

 

No

44/253 (17)

  

Urinary tract infection

Yes

3/19 (16)

14

0.7

 

No

54/282 (19)

  

Physical examination

Body temperature

Normal

31/175 (18)

50

0.4

 

Fever

20/82 (24)

  
 

Hypothermia

1/8 (12)

  

CRT

Normal

25/133 (19)

165

0.11

 

Abnormal

6/17 (35)

  

Mucous membranes

Normal

35/220 (16)

0

0.01

 

Pale

14/43 (33)

  
 

Hyperemic

10/51 (20)

  
 

Toxic

1/1 (100)

  

Hydration status

Normal

37/232 (16)

0

0.004

 

Mild

15/67 (22)

  
 

Moderate

7/15 (47)

  
 

Severe

1/1 (100)

  

Abdominal pain

Yes

20/69 (29)

0

0.02

 

No

40/246 (16)

  

Palpable uterus

Yes

13/59 (22)

0

0.5

 

No

47/256 (18)

  

Ophthalmological exam

Ocular discharge

56/287 (19)

0

0.48

 

Conjunctivitis

4/22 (18)

  
 

Uveitis

0/6 (0)

  

Laboratory analyses

WBC

Normal

21/90 (23)

102

< 0.0001

 

Leucocytopenia

7/8 (87)

  
 

Leucocytosis

16/115 (14)

  

Neutrophils

Normal

19/85 (22)

110

< 0.0001

 

Neutropenia

7/8 (87)

  
 

Neutrophilia

15/112 (13)

  

Band neutrophils

Normal

33/166 (20)

118

0.25

 

Increased

9/31 (29)

  

Toxic neutrophils

Yes

7/21 (33)

102

0.1

 

No

37/192 (19)

  

Monocytes

Normal

23/90 (26)

112

0.0004

 

Monocytopenia

5/7 (71)

  
 

Monocytosis

14/106 (13)

  

Hb

Normal

9/32 (28)

260

0.7

 

Low

5/21 (24)

  
 

High

1/2 (50)

  

Hct

Normal

15/85 (18)

148

0.38

 

Anemia

19/82 (23)

  

ALP

Normal

17/113 (15)

134

0.48

 

Decreased

1/4 (25)

  
 

Increased

14/64 (22)

  

Creatinine

Normal

35/209 (17)

100

0.0009

 

Increased

4/6 (67)

  

Bile acids

Normal

4/23 (17)

285

0.5

 

Increased

2/7 (29)

  

BUN

Normal

5/26 (19)

288

0.09

 

Uremia

1/1 (100)

  

Glucose

Normal

24/137 (17)

167

0.01

 

Hypoglycemia

4/6 (67)

  
 

Hyperglycemia

1/5 (20)

  

Lactate

Normal

4/17 (23)

296

0.03

 

Increased

2/2 (100)

  
  1. aNormal = Within the reference range (as indicated below) for healthy bitches and for laboratory variables at the main Clinical chemistry laboratory, University Animal Hospital, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences, Sweden. CRT = Capillary refill time (1–2 s), WBC = White Blood Cell Count (5.8-16.0 ×109/L), Hb = Hemoglobin (132–199 g/L), Hct = Hematocrit (38-57%), ALP = Alkaline phosphatase (<5.0 μkat/L), BUN = Blood urea nitrogen (2.5-8.5 mmol/L), Neutrophils (3.0-11.5 ×109/L), Monocytes (0.2-1.4 x109/L), Creatinine (40–130 μmol/L), Bile acids (<10 μmol/L), Glucose (4.5-5.8 mmol/L), Lactate levels (<2.2 mmol/L), Body temperature (38–39.2°C).